膜杰作
Star Staining
分子别名（Synonym）
PDCD1,PD1,CD279,SLEB2
表达区间及表达系统（Source）
Biotinylated Human PD-1 Protein, Avitag,His Tag (PD1-H82E4) is expressed from human 293 cells (HEK293). It contains AA Leu 25 - Gln 167 (Accession # Q15116-1).
Predicted N-terminus: Leu 25
Request for sequence
蛋白结构（Molecular Characterization）
This protein carries an Avi tag (Avitag™) at the C-terminus, followed by a polyhistidine tag
The protein has a calculated MW of 18.6 kDa. The protein migrates as 35-45 kDa under reducing (R) condition (SDS-PAGE) due to glycosylation.
标记（Labeling）
Biotinylation of this product is performed using Avitag™ technology. Briefly, the single lysine residue in the Avitag is enzymatically labeled with biotin.
蛋白标记度（Protein Ratio）
Passed as determined by the HABA assay / binding ELISA.
应用说明（Application）
PD1-H82E4 works best for experiments that test the binding between PD-1 and candidate antibodies, such as biopanning and other relevant assays. This product is NOT suitable for testing PD1-PDL1 binding by ELISA. For this type of application, we strongly recommend you to choose PD1-H82F1 as an alternative.
内毒素（Endotoxin）
Less than 1.0 EU per μg by the LAL method.
纯度（Purity）
>95% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
>90% as determined by SEC-MALS.
制剂（Formulation）
Lyophilized from 0.22 μm filtered solution in PBS, pH7.4 with trehalose as protectant.
Contact us for customized product form or formulation.
重构方法（Reconstitution）
Please see Certificate of Analysis for specific instructions.
For best performance, we strongly recommend you to follow the reconstitution protocol provided in the CoA.
存储（Storage）
For long term storage, the product should be stored at lyophilized state at -20°C or lower.
Please avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
This product is stable after storage at:
- -20°C to -70°C for 12 months in lyophilized state;
- -70°C for 3 months under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
电泳（SDS-PAGE）
Biotinylated Human PD-1 Protein, Avitag,His Tag on SDS-PAGE under reducing (R) condition. The gel was stained with Coomassie Blue. The purity of the protein is greater than 95%.
SEC-MALS
The purity of Biotinylated Human PD-1 Protein, Avitag,His Tag (Cat. No. PD1-H82E4) is more than 90% and the molecular weight of this protein is around 32-45 kDa verified by SEC-MALS.
Report
活性（Bioactivity）-ELISA
Immobilized Nivolumab at 2 μg/mL (100 μL/well) can bind Biotinylated Human PD-1 Protein, Avitag,His Tag (Cat. No. PD1-H82E4) with a linear range of 0.8-13 ng/mL (QC tested).
Protocol
Report
活性（Bioactivity）-BLI
Loaded Biotinylated Human PD-1 Protein, Avitag,His Tag (Cat. No. PD1-H82E4) on SA Biosensor, can bind Human PD-L1, His Tag (Cat. No. PD1-H5229) with an affinity constant of 2.4 μM as determined in BLI assay (ForteBio Octet Red96e) (Routinely tested).
Protocol
Loaded Biotinylated Human PD-1 Protein, Avitag,His Tag (Cat. No. PD1-H82E4) on SA Biosensor, can bind Human PD-L2 Protein, His Tag (Cat. No. PD2-H5220) with an affinity constant of 0.6 μM as determined in BLI assay (ForteBio Octet Red96e) (Routinely tested).
Protocol
背景（Background）
Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) is also known as CD279 and PDCD1, is a type I membrane protein and is a member of the extended CD28/CTLA-4 family of T cell regulators. PDCD1 is expressed on the surface of activated T cells, B cells, macrophages, myeloid cells and a subset of thymocytes. PD-1 has two ligands, PD-L1 and PD-L2, which are members of the B7 family. PD-L1 is expressed on almost all murine tumor cell lines, including PA1 myeloma, P815 mastocytoma, and B16 melanoma upon treatment with IFN-γ. PD-L2 expression is more restricted and is expressed mainly by DCs and a few tumor lines. PD1 inhibits the T-cell proliferation and production of related cytokines including IL-1, IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-γ by suppressing the activation and transduction of PI3K/AKT pathway. In addition, coligation of PD1 inhibits BCR-mediating signal by dephosphorylating key signal transducer. In vitro, treatment of anti-CD3 stimulated T cells with PD-L1-Ig results in reduced T cell proliferation and IFN-γ secretion. Monoclonal antibodies targeting PD-1 that boost the immune system are being developed for the treatment of cancer.
