New Radiopharmaceutical Tracers in Breast Cancer Diagnosis and TherapyRahmati, Mousavi, Souri
et alAnticancer Agents Med Chem (2025)
Abstract: Breast cancer (BC) remains a predominant cause of mortality among women, with early diagnosis and ongoing monitoring being crucial for effective management. Integrating nuclear medicine with radiological modalities offers non-invasive anatomical and functional information, enabling precise target localization and quantification. This approach guided the selection of the most appropriate personalized treatment and predicted its efficacy, reducing the use of unnecessary drugs and lowering patient management costs. Since 2020, significant breakthroughs have been made in the development of radiopharmaceuticals, which are different in importantly targeting agents and radionuclides, with a focus on their efficacy in preclinical studies. This review accentuates the central role of radiopharmaceuticals in recent advancements for both imaging and therapeutic applications in BC. We discussed various receptor-targeted radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) agents currently utilized in clinical and preclinical settings with their chemical structures, along with the challenges faced in their implementation, including angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1 receptor), integrins αvβ3, chemokine receptor (CXCR4), and trophoblast cell-surface antigen-2 (TROP2), cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor, and epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM)-targeted, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI), and mucin 1 (MUC1). While numerous promising RPT agents were still in preclinical stages, this review underscored the potential of tailored radiopharmaceuticals to enhance BC diagnosis and treatment, providing novel avenues for personalized medicine.Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.
Recent advances in therapeutic strategies for non-small cell lung cancerSu, Furuya, Asrar
et alJ Hematol Oncol (2025) 18 (1), 35
Abstract: The development of targeted therapy with small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors and immunotherapy with immune checkpoints inhibitors has ushered in the era of precision medicine in treating lung cancer, which remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Both targeted therapy and immunotherapy have significantly improved the survival of patients with metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Additionally, recent groundbreaking studies have demonstrated their efficacy in both the perioperative setting and following concurrent chemoradiotherapy in early-stage NSCLC. Despite significant advancements in first-line treatment options, disease progression remains inevitable for most patients with advanced NSCLC, necessitating the exploration and optimization of subsequent therapeutic strategies. Emerging novel agents are expanding treatment options in the first-line setting and beyond. Recently, emerging bispecific antibodies have shown enhanced efficacy. For instance, amivantamab has been approved as a treatment for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant NSCLC, including those with EGFR exon 20 insertion mutations. Additionally, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), including HER2-targeting trastuzumab deruxtecan, TROP2-targeting ADCs, HER3-targeting patritumab deruxtecan, and MET-targeting telisotuzumab vedotin, have demonstrated promising outcomes in several clinical trials. This review summarizes the recent advancements and challenges associated with the evolving NSCLC therapeutic landscape.© 2025. The Author(s).
Influence of the UGT1A1 gene polymorphism on treatment with sacituzumab govitecan. Narrative reviewLegido Perdices, do Pazo Oubiña, Prado Mel
et alFarm Hosp (2025)
Abstract: Sacituzumab govitecan is an antineoplastic therapy composed of a monoclonal antibody directed to the Trop2 antigen, conjugated to SN-38, an active metabolite of irinotecan that inhibits topoisomerase I. It is indicated for the treatment of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer in patients who have received at least two prior lines of treatment, with at least one in the metastatic context. SN-38 is eliminated by glucuronidation mediated by uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase-1A1 (UGT1A1) enzymes, present in the liver. Mutations in the UGT1A1 gene decrease the expression of these enzymes, which increases the concentration of SN-38 and, consequently, increases the toxicity of the drug, especially in the form of neutropenia and diarrhea. This study aims to analyze the relationship between UGT1A1 gene polymorphisms and toxicity associated with treatment with sacituzumab govitecan, in addition to reviewing the usefulness of genetic screening prior to starting therapy.A non-systematic literature review was conducted on the impact of UGT1A1 gene polymorphisms on the safety of sacituzumab govitecan treatment in patients with triple-negative breast cancer. The search included primary and secondary literature sources and communications from oncology conferences.Patients treated with sacituzumab govitecan with the UGT1A1*28/*28 mutated genotype are more likely to experience grade more than 3 hematologic adverse events: neutropenia (approximate incidence of 60% compared to 40% for 1/*1 and 1/*28 genotypes), febrile neutropenia (18% homozygotes vs. 5% heterozygotes and 3% wild-type), grade more than 3 anemia (15% vs. 6% and 4%, respectively); as well as grade more than 3 diarrhea (24% vs. 13% and 6%, respectively). Additionally, treatment discontinuation rates are higher in *28/*28 individuals (6% compared to 1% heterozygotes and 2% wild-type).Patients homozygous for the UGT1A1*28 allele are at significantly increased risk of developing serious adverse events. Despite the clear relationship between UGT1A1 polymorphisms and sacituzumab-govitecan toxicity, the review suggests that there is insufficient consensus on the need for systematic genetic screening. However, the findings indicate that such screening could be useful for identifying patients at risk and personalizing sacituzumab govitecan therapy.Copyright © 2025 The Authors. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.
Clinical applications of antibody drug conjugates for gynecologic malignancies: Review of available medicines and emerging therapeuticsBujnak, Solaru, Tewari
Gynecol Oncol (2025) 195, 180-191
Abstract: With significant overall survival benefits reported in several phase 3 randomized clinical trials, the integration of anti-PD-1 immunotherapy with systemic chemotherapy has transformed the therapeutic landscape in advanced endometrial cancer and PD-L1+ recurrent/metastatic cervical cancer. For patients with FIGO stage III-IVA locally advanced cervical cancer, irrespective of PD-L1 status, chemoradiation plus pembrolizumab followed by maintenance pembrolizumab also confers a survival benefit. For newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer responding to primary systemic chemotherapy, maintenance therapy using PARP inhibitors and/or bevacizumab according to germline and somatic mutational analysis have been demonstrated to improve progression-free survival. Tumor heterogeneity, acquired drug resistance, and adverse events limit long-term effectiveness. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) represent an innovative new class of medicines with activity in gynecologic malignancies and distinct toxicity profiles attributable to ADC construction. Adverse event mitigation strategies, biomarker discovery, and sequencing are paramount in successfully exploiting the therapeutic window provided by these novel compounds. This review discusses the application of ADCs in gynecologic cancers, including the current FDA-approved drugs mirvetuximab soravtansine, tisotumab vedotin, and trastuzumab deruxtecan, as well as relevant ongoing clinical trials, including TROP2 ADCs.Copyright © 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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