Anti-mouse IL-10 Antibody-coupled APC-beads-B03

Abstract: Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is a significant adverse effect of thoracic radiotherapy, potentially impacting patient prognosis. The risk factors for acute radiation pneumonitis (RP) have not been fully clarified. The present study evaluated the predictive value of serum interleukins (ILs) in the occurrence of RP and overall survival in patients with thoracic cancers.This single-centre retrospective observational study enrolled 435 thoracic cancer patients who underwent chest radiation therapy. Serum levels of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, IL-17, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IFN-α were measured by cytometric bead array before radiotherapy. The relationship between clinical characteristics, serum IL levels and the occurrence of RP were analyzed. Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier methods were also performed to investigate the prognostic role of serum IL levels in these patients.The incidence of RP in these patients was 17.01%. Elevated serum levels of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p70, TNF-α, IFN-α were all associated with the occurrence of RP. High levels of IL-1β, IL-4, and IL-12p70 were correlated with more severe pneumonitis. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis identified serum IL-6 level as an independent prognostic factor in patients receiving thoracic radiotherapy.Serum interleukin levels are linked to the development of acute RP in patients receiving thoracic radiotherapy. Serum IL-6 could serve as a valuable biomarker in identifying patients at high risk for RP, potentially guiding individualized therapeutic strategies and improving patient management in radiotherapy. Future research should focus on validating IL-6's role in larger cohorts and exploring its integration into clinical practice for the early prediction of RILI.

Abstract: Endurance training contributes to immune system changes that help manage exercise-induced stress and promote an anti-inflammatory effect. However, the specific mechanisms underlying these adaptations are still being explored. Cytokines play a key role in both acute and chronic exercise responses through interactions with their receptors, which are present in both membrane-bound and soluble forms. Yet, the impact of exercise on cytokines and soluble cytokine receptors in parallel remains understudied. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess how cytokines and their soluble receptors change in serum after vigorous exercise in endurance-trained and untrained men. Following 1-hour of cycling at their respiratory compensation point, untrained men (n=5) exhibited a significant increase in pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, CCL2, and VEGFA. In contrast, anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10 and IL-1Ra were reduced. These effects were not observed in the trained group (n=7). Instead, pro-inflammatory cytokine levels remained close to baseline, while the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and IL-1Ra increased. In the trained group, these cytokine changes were accompanied by a marked increase in the expression of soluble cytokine receptors known to inhibit cytokine-mediated signaling, such as sIL-1RII, sGP130, sTNFRI, sTNFRII, sVEGFR1, and sVEGFR2, indicating reduced cytokine bioavailability. However, in the untrained group, the expression of these soluble cytokine receptors either remained unchanged or decreased, suggesting greater cytokine bioavailability. Together these findings highlight a novel potential anti-inflammatory adaptation such that trained men present a blunted inflammatory response by both reduced inflammatory cytokines and increased soluble cytokine receptors post45 exercise compared to untrained men.

Abstract: Kyasanur forest disease (KFD) is one of the neglected tick-borne viral zoonoses. KFD virus (KFDV) was initially considered endemic to the Western Ghats region of Karnataka state in India. Over the years, there have been reports of its spread to newer areas within and outside Karnataka. The absence of an effective treatment for KFD mandates the need for further research and development of novel vaccines. The present study was designed to develop a multi-epitope vaccine candidate against KFDV using immunoinformatics approaches. A total of 74 complete KFDV genome sequences were analysed for genetic recombination followed by phylogeny. Computational prediction of B- and T-cell epitopes belonging to envelope protein was performed and epitopes were prioritised based on IFN-Gamma, IL-4, IL-10 stimulation and checked for allergenicity and toxicity. The eight short-listed epitopes (three MHC-Class 1, three MHC-Class 2 and two B-cell) were then combined using various linkers to construct the vaccine candidate. Molecular docking followed by molecular simulations revealed stable interactions of the vaccine candidate with immune receptor complex namely Toll-like receptors (TLR2-TLR6). Codon optimization followed by in-silico cloning of the designed multi-epitope vaccine construct into the pET30b (+) expression vector was carried out. Immunoinformatics analysis of the multi-epitope vaccine candidate in the current study has potential to significantly accelerate the initial stages of vaccine development. Experimental validation of the potential multi-epitope vaccine candidate remains crucial to confirm effectiveness and safety in real-world conditions.© 2025 Kasibhatla et al.

Abstract: Rumen is one of the most vital organs for the digestion of ruminants and is influenced by factors including feeding patterns and nutrition. How rumen microbiota and barrier function change are affected feeding patterns requires attention, particularly for beef cattle. In the present study, the Honghe cattle under grazing (CON group, n = 10) and housed feeding (HES group, n = 10) conditions were selected as a model of different rumen microbiota and observed for 180 days. The indicators of immunity and antioxidants in serum and rumen epithelium of cattle were measured; and the rumen microbiota were evaluated by using 16S rRNA and ITS sequencing techniques. In the present study, the concentrations of total protein, albumin and glucose in serum of Honghe cattle were significantly increased by the HES group when compared with CON group (p < 0.05). The HES group reduced the levels of complement 3, complement 4, interleukin-4, interleukin-10, interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor α, but increased the levels of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (p < 0.05). We found that the HES group enhanced the levels of T-AOC and SOD in rumen epithelium (p < 0.05). Furthermore, there was a significant up-regulation of the relative mRNA expressions of ZO-1, OCC, SOD1, SOD2, Nrf2, NQO-1 and HO-1 observed in the HES group (p < 0.05). For rumen microbiota, the HES group significantly decreased alpha diversity. The core rumen bacterial communities were Bacteroidata, Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. The relative abundances of Prevotella and Ruminococcus were increased by the HES group, but norank_f_Bacteroidales_UCG-001, Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group and Prevotellaceae_UCG-003 were decreased (p < 0.05). Moreover, The HES group enhanced the relative abundance of Pichia, Cyllamyces, Sterigmatomyces and Wallemia (p < 0.05), but decreased Aspergillus and Candida (p < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between microorganisms such as Prevotella, Ruminococcus and Pichia and rumen epithelial barrier and antioxidant-related genes (p < 0.05). Overall, housed feeding contributed to the improvement of antioxidant capacity and rumen health in Honghe cattle, which may be related to the modulation of rumen microbiota including bacteria and fungi.Copyright © 2025 Fu, Han, Jin, Yu, Fu, Li and Leng.